Soured Herb, Spice, and Vegetable Beer
(In progress)
Sour Herb, Spice and Vegetable beer is mixed fermentation, sour or brett beer with the addition of spices, herbs or vegetables. These beers, along with Soured Fruit Beers would fall into the 2015 BJCP style of 28C - Wild Specialty Beer. Here we will discuss the use of spices, herbs and vegetables in sour beers and give recommendations based off of those brewed by MTFers and commercial brewers.
Contents
Spices
For spices, generally fresher is better. Whole spices maintain their freshness better than pre-crushed spices, and it is recommended to use the freshest spices you can get and to crush them fresh right before using them rather than to use pre-crushed spices. On a home scale this can be easily accomplished with a mortar and pestle. Commercial producers may find that blenders or coffee grinders are better for larger spice quantities. Smell you spices before using them. If they seem stale or muted, it might be a good idea to look for fresher spices.
Some types of spices, such and flowers or citrus zest, may not need to be crushed before use. These spices can be found fresh as well as dried, and fresh spices will generally have stronger or more complex aromatics. For zesting your own citrus fresh, both a zester or a vegetable peeler will work to remove the zest. Using a vegetable peeler may give more complexity[1], and peelers give more manageable pieces of peel.
When and how to add
Spices are commonly added between flameout on the hot side and secondary on the cold side. In order to preserve the aromatic properties of spices, they are generally better added later in the brewing process. They can also be added by preparing tinctures and dosing the beer or by soaking the soaking the spices in hot water in a sealed mason jar and then adding the mixture. Both of these methods can help to limit the possibility of microbe pickup from adding spices on the cold side.
Herbs
Herbs can be used fresh or dried.
When and how to add
The same basic consideration for spices apply to herbs. Herbs are typically added between the end of the boil and secondary fermentation/aging.
Dandelions
The following is provided by James Sites [2]:
- Since you want to use the petals only, you want to pick your flowers away from anywhere that sprays and you want to pick them around noon or so, when the flowers are fully open.
- After you pick your flowers you're going to want to depetal them as soon as possible because they will eventually close, making it a more difficult process. If you get a little green with the petals, don't worry about it, as long as most of what you have is the yellow. Ingo Janssen adds: pick the dandelions when they are young and the flower is about to open. You can then pick the petals in one go, just tear away the green leaves around them and you're left with a nice compact set of petals.
- The optimum ratio for dandelion wine is 100 grams of petals per 2 quarts of water. In my last beer I used 760 grams (25.7 oz.) for approximately 5 gallons of water, so about 3/4ths of that amount, with good results. For reference, that amount took me about 2 hours to pick and about 7 hours to depetal. It's an intensive process. Get ready for your fingertips to be dark brown.
- Since you can freeze the petals, you can do this in stages until you have enough to make the tea for your beer.
- After you have gathered enough petals, you want to soak them in hot water for 2 days to make the tea. I just put them into a mashtun and pour boiling water over them and close the mashtun. Stir the petals at least twice a day.
- After the two days, separate the petals from the water (another reason a mashtun is useful) and use it however you want. If you're an extract brewer, you can add extract directly to the water and brew the rest of your beer normally. If you're brewing all grain, I'd use the dandelion tea as sparge water.
Vegetables
Some suggestions on using hot peppers: The spice is in the seeds. Removing the seeds will shift the balance toward flavor and away from spice. Some suggest removing the seeds, and others say they like the qualities of the seeds but are careful to control contact time[3].
When and how to add
Many vegetables, such as squashes/gourds and root vegetables contain starches which you may wish to convert to fermentable sugars by including the vegetables in the mash.
General Usage Suggestions
(in progress) This table gives some suggestions based off of what has worked for MTFers and commercial breweries. It is not a completely exhaustive list, and you are encouraged to add your experiences and experiment outside of this list. Before using anything, be sure that it is safe to use and does not pose a health risk. Parts of some plants which have other parts commonly used for spices as well as plants similar to those used as spices can be toxic (e.g. Rhubarb leaves, parts of elderberry plants, some varieties of juniper).
- Do you have some input from your experiences brewing sour herb/spice/vegetable beers? Please add your thoughts in this MTF Facebook thread.
- As spices are typically used in small amounts, we've presented this table in units of g/l to avoid awkward decimal values. To help those who are metrically challenged, follow this link to convert to oz/gal.
Spice/Herb/Vegetable | Format | Amount | Added in | Contact Time | Commercial Examples |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Elderflowers | Whole, fresh | Secondary | Cantillon Mamouche | ||
Rhubarb | Fresh | secondary | Cantillon Zwanze 2012 | ||
Vanilla | Whole pods | Rare Barrel Home Sour Home | |||
Basil | Fresh leaves | 1.5 g/l | Secondary | 1-2 weeks [4] | |
Tea | Dried leaves | 50-100 grams in 1 L water cold brewed 24-36 hours [5] | Secondary | ||
Hibiscus | Dried | 2-8 g/l (boil)/2-4 g/l (secondary) [6] | 5-15 mins in Boil (longer time in boil for more tartness) | Bend Brewing Co. Ching Ching Berliner. | |
Chocolate | |||||
Cucumber | Fresh, skinned and sliced | <1/2 cucumber per gallon[7] | secondary | ||
Oak (French, Med toast) | Cubes | ||||
Oak (American, Med toast) | Cubes | ||||
Ginger Root | Dried | ~3.5 g/l [8] (~52 minutes in) | Secondary | Minimal contact (TRB uses a Torpedo/hop rocket) | The Rare Barrel Sourtooth Tiger |
Grains of Paradise | dried, crushed | Rare Barrel Grainsta's Paradise | |||
Peppercorns, black | dried, crushed | ||||
Peppercorns, Pink | dried, crushed | ||||
Peppers, hot | Upright Fatali Four | ||||
Hay | Mash | Jester King Repose | |||
Beets | Jester King Hibernal Dichotomous 2015 | ||||
Beats | Fresh and Funky | More is better | Anywhere hot side to aging and conditioning | More is better | Dock Street Ain't Nothing to Funk With |
Thyme | Jester King Hibernal Dichotomous 2015 | ||||
Rosemary | Fresh Leaves | 4-6" sprig per 5 gallons[9] | End of boil to secondary | ||
Cilantro | Fresh leaves | >2.25g/l [10] | |||
Coconut | |||||
Citrus zest | |||||
Mushrooms | Upright White Truffle Gose; Jester King Snörkel | ||||
Coriander | Whole, freshly crushed | Many examples of Gose | |||
Yarrow | Upright Flora |
See Also
Additional Articles on MTF Wiki
External Resources
References
- ↑ Mad Fermentationist Lemon Berliner Recipe
- ↑ Post on MTF by James Sites on how to use Dandelions. 04/01/2016.
- ↑ MTF spice thread
- ↑ Todd Stephens in the Milk the Funk Facebook Spice/Herb/Vegetable discussion
- ↑ Conversation with Nathaniel Senff on MTF. 01/19/2016.
- ↑ Manny Jannes and James Sites on MTF regarding hibiscus usage. 11/29/2015.
- ↑ Brandon Selinsky in the Milk the Funk Facebook Spice/Herb/Vegetable discussion
- ↑ The Sour Hour on the Brewing Network, Episode 29. 02/19/2016.
- ↑ Scott Patterson in the Milk the Funk Facebook Spice/Herb/Vegetable discussion
- ↑ Jimmy Healy in the Milk the Funk Facebook Spice/Herb/Vegetable discussion