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→History of Domestication
====History of Domestication====
* [https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(16)31071-6 Domestication and Divergence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Beer Yeasts, by Gallone et al (2016); the first look at the domesticated yeast family tree.]** [http://www.garshol.priv.no/blog/374.html "A family tree for brewer's yeast" a review of a study on the family tree of brewer's yeast by Lars Garshol]. See also [http://www.garshol.priv.no/blog/390.html Lars's write up on the history of people reusing yeast as opposed to spontaneously fermenting].
* Kristoffer Krogerus's attempts to decode the Gallon et al. codes and updated family tree dendrograms:
** [http://beer.suregork.com/?p=3919 Kristoffer Krogerus's attempt] to decode the strains in the above mentioned study ([http://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(16)31071-6?_returnURL=http%3A%2F%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%2Fretrieve%2Fpii%2FS0092867416310716%3Fshowall%3Dtrue "Domestication and Divergence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Beer Yeasts"]) and a redraw of the dendrogram family tree of ale yeasts as well as a spreadsheet that makes a best guess to map the strains in the study to actual White Labs strains.
* Subsequent whole genome sequencing studies that grow the family tree of ''S. cerevisiae'':
** [http://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(16)30984-8 Distinct Domestication Trajectories in Top-Fermenting Beer Yeasts and Wine Yeasts, by Gonçalves et al (2016).]
** [https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-018-05106-7 The origin and adaptive evolution of domesticated populations of yeast from Far East Asia, by Duan et al (2018); a study showing evidence for initial domestication of yeast in the Far East Asia.]** [https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-018-0030-5 Genome evolution across 1,011 Saccharomyces cerevisiae isolates, by Peter et al (2018), which indated that domestication of yeast might have begun in Asia.] See also [https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2018/04/yeast-sequencing-china/557930/ this article] and the [https://www.facebook.com/groups/MilkTheFunk/permalink/2056777254350478/ associated MTF thread].** [https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/03/190305153648.htm Modern beer yeast emerged from mix of European grape wine, Asian rice wine yeast, by Science Daily. The two explanations of beer yeast ancestry are: beer yeasts might have evolved from a mix of European wine strains and Asian fermentation strains during trade on the Silk Route, as well as an unknown ancestor. The second explanation is that European wine strains themselves descended from Asian strains (whether European wine strains desceneded from Asia or were developed in Europe has not been clear and needs more research).]** [[Kveik#Recent_Yeast_Lab_Analysis_and_Commercial_Availability|European kveik yeast forms its own genetic group of yeast, indicating a subtree of the Beer 1 group.]]
* YouTube presentation by Kevin Verstrepen:
: <youtube height="200" width="300">E6qBnBQuWF4</youtube>
* [http://masterbrewerspodcast.com/101-the-yeasts-of-tomorrow Stijn Mertens and Jan Steensels talk about their work on the MBAA podcast.]
* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome Genome searches.]