Gose

Ritterguts Gose is still made to the traditional German recipe.

Gose (Goes-uh) is a salty, sour, beer from Goslar, Germany that is brewed with at least 50% malted wheat (although a few historical sources say that Gose was brewed with 100% wheat ). Gose has a low hop bitterness and aroma and gets a lemony character from the use of coriander. The straw-like colored Gose (2-6 SRM) sits at a sessionable ABV around 3-5%, made up of mostly pilsner and wheat. Gose is usually unfiltered, so some haziness is to be expected.

Historical

"Gose: Brewing a Classic German Beer for the Modern Era" by Fal Allen.

Historical texts suggest that some versions of Gose underwent an initial spontaneous fermentation that formed a "leather like" barrier over the beer, and yeast was only pitched when the beer "was given away". A bacteria described as "Bacterium acetosum" in 1897 was identified as one of the important microbes that make Gose. This bacteria was described as an acetic acid producer, and could also be used to make vinegar. This bacteria was also hypothesized as being responsible for forming this "leather like" pellicle, although speculation includes the possibility of the presence of a SCOBY. Some sources indicate that Gose was also bottled in thin long neck bottles without a cork, and the bacteria reformed the "leather like" pellicle in the neck of the bottle that when dried out captured the CO2 in the bottle (the exact mechanism of how the "pellicle" dried out and became sturdy enough to hold carbonation is not understood). Coriander was not traditionally used in the brewing of Gose, but spruce branches were used for lautering and spiced versions used Vermouth and Cinnamon. Gose had less lactic acid than Berliner Weisse, however it was described as being more sour than Berliner Weisse. This was probably due to higher amounts of acetic acid in Gose from the spontaneous fermentation and the acetic acid producing bacteria.

Most historical Gose beers were probably brewed with 100% air dried malted wheat, although one example was reportedly brewed with 55% barley malt. Table salt was often added, and/or highly mineral water. The original gravities of historical Gose seemed to change through time. In the mid 1850's, they seemed to be around 13-14°P (1.053-1.057 SG). In the early 1900's, the original gravities seemed to become smaller at around 9-10°P (1.036-1.040 SG), although some versions were still brewed with the higher starting gravities of the 1850's. Gose had a high finishing gravity with attenuation of around 60%, indicating that the beer might have been served young and with some amount of residual sweetness.

See also:

• Published book "Gose: Brewing a Classic German Beer for the Modern Era" by Fal Allen.
• Benedikt Koch's blog on historical research of Gose.
• Translations by Benedikt Koch of 1800's texts on how Gose was made, including bottling without corks and spontaneous fermentation on MTF.
• Speculation by Koch on the possibility of propionic acid producing bacteria in Gose on MTF.
• Gose from Goslar was probably fermented with yeast residing in spruce barrels (Benedikt Koch's blog).
• Benedikt Koch's water report of the salinity of the Gose river, speculation on where the saltiness in Gose came from, and how the Germans distributed water from the Gose river to breweries and homes in Goslar.
• Benedikt Koch and Samuel Aeschlimann of Eureka Brewing blog and Blackwell Brewing in Switzerland make a traditionally inspired gose that is 100% floor-malted wheat, lautered with straw, boiled for 2 hours, and spontaneously fermented.

Milk the Funk Gose Recipe

MTF Gose

Description

The Milk The Funk Gose is an 8 gallon (8 gallons in the fermenter) recipe for a lemony, tart, and lightly salty beer that will quench any thirst on a summer's day. This recipe is an 8 gallon, no boil recipe, and is made for a system with 73% efficiency. Please adjust the recipe to fit your system.

Stats

• 1.035 OG
• 1.004 FG
• 4.0 ABV
• 2 SRM
• No hops if possible. If hops have to be used, then ~3-4 IBU from mash hops
• Mash 60min @ 145°f

Fermentables

For an 8 gallon batch:

Malt	Weight	%
Floor-Malted Bohemian Wheat (DE)	5 lbs	50
Floor-Malted Bohemian Pilsner (DE)	5 lbs	50

Extract Version *	Weight	%
Briess CBW® Bavarian Wheat Dried Malt Extract (or similar)	3 lbs	50
Briess CBW® Pilsen Light Dried Malt Extract (or similar)	3 lbs	50

* Note about the extract version: Devin Bell has also used 70% wheat DME to 30% pilsner DME and 100% wheat DME with good results. Briess CBW® Bavarian Wheat DME is 65% wheat and 35% barley.

Adjunct

Adjunct	Weight	Time
Salt (fleur de sel)	0.5 oz (for an 8 gallon batch)	0 min
Ground Coriander Seed	1 oz (for an 8 gallon batch)	0 min

Hops

No hops if possible. Any amount of hops will prevent lactic acid production with Lactobacillus plantarum.

If hops have to be used for legal reasons (for commercial breweries in the US, for example) then use 2 oz of UK Goldings after souring during the second boil if kettle souring. If not kettle souring then use 1.2 ounces per BBL (0.04 ounces per gallon) in the mash so as to limit any inhibition as much as possible.

Yeast / Bacteria

Name	Laboratory	Product ID	Starter	Attenuation
Lactobacillus Blend (brevis, delbrueckii, and plantarum) *	Omega Yeast Labs	OYL-605	None	N/A
Brett Sacc Trois	White Labs	WLP644	1 vial in 500 mL DME starter for 5-8 gallons	87.5

* If OYL-605 is not available, substitute it with a probiotic culture such as Goodbelly Mango or Swansons Plantarum. See Culturing From Probiotics.

Steps

1. 1-2 days before brewing make a 1 liter starter of 1.040 wort, and add your vial of WLP644. Let it sit at room temperature until use. Also make 1 liter of 1.040 wort, and pour OYL-605 into the starter. Incubate 24-48 hours at room temperature to increase the cell count.
2. Mash in at 145°f for 60 minutes; if hops have to be used, make sure to add the hops to the mash.
3. Sparge as normal.
4. Bring the wort to a boil, add salt and coriander, and then turn the heat off (no need to boil for more than a couple of minutes).
5. Adjust PH ~4.2 to limit growth Clostridium butyricum and other potential off-flavor bacteria. Not necessary, but this is a best practice suggestion. See How to Pre-Acidify for instructions.
6. Chill the wort down to 95°f, and transfer to a CO2 purged carboy or keg. Add the 1 liter of OYL-605 Lactobacillus Blend starter. Allow it to sour for 24 hours. No external heating is required.
7. After the souring phase, chill the soured wort down to ~70°F and pitch WLP644 Trois (boiling to kill the Lactobacillus before adding the WLP644 Trois is optional; see kettle souring). You can aerate if you feel necessary. After 2 weeks a stable gravity should be reached.
8. Rack or transfer off as normal to bottles or a keg.

See Also

Additional Articles on MTF Wiki

• Wort Souring
• Sour Mashing
• Lactobacillus
• Berliner Weissbier
• Dimethyl Sulfide

External Resources

• Translations by Benedikt Koch of 1800's texts on how Gose was made, including bottling without corks and spontaneous fermentation on MTF.
• Gose - Shutup About Barclay Perkins blog.
• The Sixth German Gose - Lars Garshol's blog.
• Gose - German Beer Institute.
• Going For Gose - Michael Jackson, The Beer Hunter.
• Sour Leipziger Gose Recipe - The Mad Fermentationist.
• Gose, BYO Magazine, 2011 - Justin Burnsed.
• The Summer of Gose, Ale of the Riverwards - Ed Coffey.
• "Old German Beer Styles," by Ron Pattinson (contains a few obscure sour styles).
• MTF Thread on the qualities of different types of salt when used in Gose.
• Brewing Gose with Seawater on Third Leap blog. See also this associated MTF post.
• Gordon Strong's article on which category to enter fruited "Berliner Weisse", "lambic", and sour beers into BJCP competitions (applies to gose).