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A '''foeder''' (pronounced FOOD-er; sometimes spelled ''foedre'' or ') is the Dutch word (originally "voeder" in Dutch, and perhaps changed by Rodenbach's French-speaking management to adopt the "f" from the French version, "foudre'' " <ref>[https://lostbeers.com/a-small-history-of-flemish-old-brown-and-red-1/#_edn12 Roel Mulder. "A small history of Flemish old brown (and red) – 1." 08/11/2020.]</ref>) is essentially for a large wooden barrel set on end vat used for either long term fermentation or primary fermentation . In Dutch, the synonym "vaten" is often used, which translates to English as "vat". The term "vat" is used in the United Kingdom. In Germany, the term is "fass" (translates to "barrel" in English) or sometimes "Großefass" (translates to "big barrel" in English), which is phonetically related to "vat" in English or "vaten" in Dutch (note that "holzbottich" is the German word for open-top wooden vessels) <ref>Kunze, Wolfgang. "Technology: Brewing and innoculationsMalting, Sixth Edition." 2019. Pgs 31,32.</ref><ref>[https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gro%C3%9Fes_Fass_des_Heidelberger_Schlosses Großes Fass des Heidelberger Schlosses. German Wikipedia. Retrieved 01/21/2020.]</ref><ref>Benedicht Koch. Private correspondence with Dan Pixley on the German word for "foeder". 01/18/2020.</ref>. It is written as "foudre" in French, or "foedre" by some American breweries (the word "foudre" in French more typically means "thunderbolt" <ref>[https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foudre Foudre. French Wikipedia. Retrieved 10/23/2019.]</ref>). A foeder can range in size from home brewer 600 to commercial scale1 million liters <ref>[https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodenbach_(brouwerij) Dutch Wikipedia. Rodenbach (brouwerij). Retrieved 10/23/2019.]</ref><ref>[http://zythophile.co.uk/2019/10/18/do-you-gyle-your-ale-after-it-leaves-the-cooler-and-finishes-fermenting-in-the-vat-or-krausen-your-beer-post-coolship-when-its-run-out-of-the-foeder Martyn Cornell. Zythophile magazine. 10/18/2019. Retrieved 10/23/2019.]</ref><ref>[http://barclayperkins.blogspot.com/2019/05/runners-and-keepers.html Ron Pattenson. Shut Up About Barclay Perkins blog. 05/10/2019. Retrieved 10/23/2019.]</ref><ref>[https://beerconnoisseur.com/articles/what-foeder Jim Dykstra. "What is a Foeder?". The Beer Connoisseur. 09/08/2016. Retrieved 10/23/2019.]</ref>.

''* "As for the Foeders, you'll want to get the Foeder in place and swollen right away. Hot Liquor from your HLT will do the job. I really like to set up a CIP type loop. About 1 bbl of HLT liquor in the foeder then a loop with a spray ball up top in the foeder through the manway hole. Then we use a product called [http://www.birkocorp.com/brewery/products-for-brewery-winery-beverage-and-ethanol-production/ ACTO 140 ] sold by Berko Birko chems[Birko Chemicals]. <nowiki>*</nowiki>Editor update: dosage is 1-2 ounces per gallon of 140F water; typical exposure time is 15-30 minutes, and then rinse <ref>[https://www. facebook.com/groups/MilkTheFunk/posts/7339030769458407/ Reported communication with Dana Johnson by Nicki Sener. Milk The Funk Facebook group. 09/09/2023.]</ref>. See also [https://morewinemaking.com/products/sodium-percarbonate.html sodium percarbonate].<nowiki>*</nowiki> We loop that for about 30-60min. Then rinse with HLT liquor. Then if you can't purge with CO2 and fill with beer the next day we fill the Foeders up with Potassium metabolsuphite potassium metabisulphite and citric acid. The rate is 2g of Kmeta and 1g of citric acid per litre of filtered water. Then keep this in the Foeder till you are ready to empty and fill with beer."'' - Chad Yakobson in an email to Brad Primozic; independently verified and approved for publication by Chad Yakobson in a private email with Dan Pixley <ref>[https://www.facebook.com/groups/MilkTheFunk/permalink/1031076040253943/?comment_id=1031152530246294&offset=0&total_comments=18 Conversation with Brad Primozic on the Milk The Funk Facebook group. 3/5/2015.]</ref>. * Rocky Mountain Barrel Company advises that when hydrating a new dry foeder, it is best to fill it incrementally. Otherwise, the pressure from being completely full will be too strong for any leaks towards the bottom of the tank to seal <ref>[https://www.facebook.com/rockymbc/photos/a.10151106541736918/10156661511646918/?type=3&theater Rocky Mountain barrel Company Facebook post. 10/30/2019.]</ref>. * As with [[Barrel|barrels]], thoroughly rinse the citric acid and potassium metabisulphite from foeders before filling them. Flush them with CO2 as well before using them if possible <ref>Conversation with Mike Makris of The Rare Barrel and Brandon Jones of Yazoo Brewing Co regarding rinsing and flushing foeders. 12/22/2015.</ref>.  See also: * [https://www.facebook.com/groups/MilkTheFunk/permalink/1638906016137606/ James Howat of Black Project Spontaneous Ales describes his process of rinsing and steaming a new 'Stella' foeder that is 11hL (~9.4bbl / 290gal), and made of Slovenian Oak.]* [https://www.facebook.com/groups/MilkTheFunk/permalink/1845691305459075/ Tips and advice on reviving a 100 year old foeder.]* [https://www.facebook.com/groups/MilkTheFunk/permalink/1956060464422158/ Swelling a foeder in one day with garden mister heads, by Mat Waddel and Jace Marti.]* [https://www.facebook.com/groups/MilkTheFunk/permalink/4189454547749394/ MTF thread on ozone versus steam for foeders.] ===Repairs=== * Brandon Jones recommends [http://www.winerystuff.com/coating_5413.htm wet liner epoxy] to seal cracks in barrels; use on the inside as per the manufacturer's instructions <ref>[https://www.facebook.com/groups/MilkTheFunk/permalink/2372695336092000/?spotlight=1&comment_id=2372877066073827&comment_tracking=%7B%22tn%22%3A%22R%22%7D Brandon Jones. Milk The Funk Facebook group thread on repairing a crack in a foeder. 11/17/2018.]</ref>. ==Designs=====Egg shaped===Egg shaped foeders sit horizontally and are reminiscent of an egg shape. This has the benefit of taking advantage of vertical space, as well as limiting headspace more so than traditional foeders <ref>[https://docs.google.com/document/d/1wRa2cgU2KOI5aGfATrQBZ_X99XTHOb6PjneKirhtRcI/edit?usp=sharing Shane Stewart and Ryan Buxton. Milk the Funk Facebook group post on egg shaped foeders. 02/16/2018.]</ref>.

* [httphttps://www.premierwinecaskkeystonefermentationsupply.com/ Premier Wine CaskKeystone Fermentation Supply.]* [https://www.foedersmith.com/ Foeder Smith (also has very small foeders for homebrewers).]* [https://www.facebook.com/Qcooperage/posts/3941138439266037 Quercus Cooperage (also has homebrew scale foeders].* [https://www.tonnelleriequintessence.fr/en/barrels/perle-de-quintessence/ French Perle de Quintessence Pression (technically not a foeder).] See also [https://www.facebook.com/groups/MilkTheFunk/permalink/2348690708492463/ this MTF thread for reviews/discussion of this product].