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Various other tips:
* When propagating yeast in an Erlenmeyer flask, use a flask that allows for plenty of headspace. This allows for a thinner layer of foam and thus more oxygen diffusion. Set the stir plate or shaker to the highest speed that doesn't produce too a lot of foam. A good general rule of thumb is to use a flask that allows for 20-33% starter volume and 66-80% headspace (ideally 20% starter volume and 80% headspace). For example, for a 1L starter, use a 3L, 4L, or 5L flask (ideally 5L). More volume can be used with a Fernbach or a baffled flask, but these require a shaker table. When propagating yeast for use in beer, use wort and a magnesium and zinc nutrient for best yeast propagation practices. Cover the flask with foil (or [https://www.facebook.com/groups/MilkTheFunk/permalink/1034954619866085/ foamstoppers] if fruit flies are a problem) <ref>[https://www.facebook.com/groups/MilkTheFunk/permalink/1986378521390352/ Various MTF members. Milk The Funk Facebook thread started by Jon Stanley on Erlenmeyer flask usage for yeast starters. 02/12/2018.]</ref>.
===Semi-Anaerobic Containers for Incubating Plates===
==Shipping Cultures==
[[File:Shipping cultures.jpg|thumbnail200px|right|[https://www.facebook.com/kveikworldorder/posts/1307377055994331 Example of DeWayne Schaaf's packaging for shipping cultures.]]]
DeWayne Schaaf recommends the following procedures for shipping cultures with the USA states and territories <ref>[https://www.facebook.com/kveikworldorder/posts/1307377055994331 DeWayne Schaaf. Kveik World Order Facebook page. 04/21/2017. Retrieved 04/24/2017.]</ref>:
# Use 15ml centrifuge tubes from [https://www.facebook.com/CynmarWB/ Cynmar LLC - Wine & Brew]. They are great quality and have a very low rate of leakage, especially when combined with electrical tape.
# Place each liquid filled tube into its own snack sized baggie to minimize cross -contamination if they do happen to leak.
# Each of these smaller bags will be placed into in a quart Ziplock.
# My main shipping container are is Uline Poly bubble mailers. I don't tend to use ice packs as I've found them unnecessary when shipping in favorable temps (use ice packs during the summer).
# USPS is my preferred shipping method. Using first class shipping, my packages typically take no more than 3 days to reach somewhere in the USA and cost right around $3, and that includes a tracking number. Shipping rates are roughly the same for any USA state or territory. The 48 continental states, Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and Guam all cost roughly the same.