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Brettanomyces and Saccharomyces Co-fermentation

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'''Brettanomyces and Saccharomyces Co-fermentation''', for the purposes of this article, is a type of [[Mixed Fermentation|mixed fermentation]] that specifically refers to fermentations that contain ''[[Saccharomyces]]'' and ''[[Brettanomyces]]''. They do not contain significant amounts of [[Lactic_Acid|lactic acid]] produced by lactic acid bacteria (''[[Lactobacillus]]'' and ''[[Pediococcus]]''). As such, these beers may have a lightly tart flavor from [[Acetic_Acid|acetic acid]] production by ''[[Brettanomyces]]'', but are generally not described as being sour if properly brewed (see the [[Mixed Fermentation]] page for mixed fermentation sour beers). The flavor of beers fermented with ''Saccharomyces'' (generally ale yeast, but they can also be fermented with lager yeast) and ''Brettanomyces'' is often dominated by the array of flavor compounds produced by ''[[Brettanomyces]]'', unless the beer is young in which case the ester and phenol profile of the fermenting strain of ''Saccharomyces'' might still have an impact on the flavor. In the case of young beers, the flavor profile will begin to be changed by ''Brettanomyces'' as esters, phenols, and fatty acids are created and metabolized.
Generically speaking, these flavors almost always consist of both fruity esters and phenolic components. Sometimes they also consist of an array of other flavors that are generically described as "funky". Specifically, fruity esters range from tropical fruits to stone fruits to citrus fruits, and are produced by all strains of ''Brettanomyces'' to some degree. Phenols, fatty acids, alcohols, aldehydes, and other compounds can also create a wide range of flavors including smoke, "barnyard animal", horse blanket, sweat, body odor, rancid cheese, etc. For more information on the identification of these compounds and the known conditions that impact their production, see [[Brettanomyces#Brettanomyces_Metabolism|''Brettanomyces'' metabolism]]. For 100% ''Brettanomyces'' beers, see [[100%25_Brettanomyces_Fermentation|100% ''Brettanomyces'' Fermentation]].
==Brewing Methods==

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